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Prepare for your medical examination: the pilot's checklist (class 1 / class 2)

By Fabian Voncken, airline pilot (ATPL) on Falcon 2000LX, former flight instructor and former cardiology and emergency nurse.

Fabian Voncken, pilote de ligne (ATPL)

Who writes this guide?

Fabian Voncken, Airline Pilot (ATPL) · Former cardiology & emergency nurse

On preparing for the examination, I write wearing two hats: that of the airline pilot who has attended this appointment about twenty times, and that of the former nurse who has performed, on the other side, most of the tests it contains. Two perspectives on the same moment: the one we undergo, and the one we administer.

In brief

Properly preparing for your medical examination is above all being honest on the health questionnaire and bringing the right documents (ID, glasses + prescription, recent medical reports). According to Fabian Voncken, airline pilot (ATPL) and former nurse, the AME is an ally, not an opponent: hidden information discovered later causes far more problems. Avoid alcohol the day before and excess coffee in the morning, this can raise blood pressure and disrupt the reading of the ECG.

The golden rule: the AME is your ally

The candidate's first mistake is to approach the examination as a test to "pass" by hiding what is embarrassing. But the AME is not there to trap you: they certify fitness, and they need an honest picture of your health. An omission discovered later (at a subsequent examination, or worse, after an incident) has far heavier consequences than a point reported from the start, which the AME will know how to manage or refer to the authority.

The pilot's take

Having been a healthcare professional and then a patient-pilot, I say it bluntly: above all, hide nothing from the doctor. First, because it is an illusion: an AME is trained to conduct a comprehensive anamnesis to get a global picture of your condition; what is left unsaid often ends up showing. Secondly, because your aeromedical file follows you from one examination and authority to another, and with the increasing digitization of health data, an omission is increasingly likely to resurface. Finally, if you conceal a disease or treatment and an incident occurs in flight, your insurance may, according to the terms of your contract, turn against you. True hypertension, for example, cannot be hidden, and does not have to be. What is smart, however, is to avoid it flaring up for nothing on D-Day, under the effect of stress or coffee (see below), without ever masking true hypertension.

What to bring

  • Valid ID.
  • Glasses or contact lenses + their prescription and a spare pair, mandatory on board as soon as a visual limitation appears on the certificate (see the pilot's glasses guide).
  • Recent prescriptions and reports if you are undergoing treatment or have had an examination (cardio, ophthalmology...).
  • Logbook / license depending on the examination.
  • For an initial class 1: book the appointment well in advance (AeMC center), plan for more time and a higher budget.

The 48 hours before: what can skew the results

  • Avoid alcohol the day before and excess coffee in the morning: this can skew blood pressure and ECG.
  • Sleep well: a short night increases blood pressure and perceived fatigue.
  • Do not stop a treatment on your own: the right reflex is to talk to your doctor, and report it to the AME. If in doubt, ask the question before D-Day.
  • Report any recent medication or supplement.

The pilot's take, my routine

Honestly, I don't "prepare" for my examination in the strict sense, but I impose a few common-sense rules on myself. The day before: no restaurant, no going out, no alcohol. A normal, quiet day, a little sport, and above all a good night's sleep, no all-nighters in front of a screen, and, for my part, no sleeping pills the day before. The idea is simple: arrive in good shape. Because today it's no longer just the somatic examination: there is also a psychological component, reinforced in recent years, where the doctor is interested in your mental state. Showing up exhausted from a night out does not work in your favor in this area. Last reflex: do not take a medication the day before that you do not usually take, and if you wear glasses, bring them (with the spare pair).

Disclaimer. These are general lifestyle tips, never advice to stop or modify a treatment: if in doubt, talk to your AME or your doctor.

The case of blood pressure ("white coat")

Many candidates see their blood pressure rise in the office simply from stress: the "white coat" effect. This is common and well known to AMEs. A few common-sense reflexes: arrive early to settle down, avoid running just before, breathe calmly, do not stuff yourself with coffee. If the first measurement is high, the AME generally retakes it after a few minutes of rest.

The pilot's take, showing up relaxed, without hiding anything

Let's be clear: the goal is not to camouflage true hypertension, that is impossible and would be dangerous, but to avoid the false positive of stress. A few simple reflexes, from someone who has taken thousands of blood pressures: sleep well the day before and eat properly; hydrate well the day before, this is also appreciated on the day of a blood test; arrive early, so as not to compound the stress of a delay. During the examination: at the moment of the blood pressure check, breathe calmly; for the electrocardiogram, truly relax, so as not to raise your heart rate for nothing. A settled body gives a true measurement, neither better nor worse than reality.

The very first examination: find out beforehand

For a first examination, especially class 1, the most comprehensive, my advice comes down to one word: find out. Know in advance everything that will be done (blood test, urine analysis, ECG, audiogram, visual examination, blood pressure, general examination... and, depending on the case, other tests), simply so as not to be surprised on D-Day. This is the whole purpose of this site: each test is detailed here. Count on at least a day, sometimes more at the initial. And if you know a pilot who has already taken it, talk to them about it: nothing demystifies it better.

D-Day: how it goes

The medical history questionnaire is completed with the doctor, followed by the physical examination and tests directed according to the class. Three possible outcomes: fit, fit with restrictions, or unfit, with, in the latter case, avenues of appeal (see the unfitness and appeal page).

Preparation checklist

WhenWhat to doWhy
When bookingAsk for the price; for an initial class 1, book early at an AeMCAnticipate cost and delay
The week beforeGather ID, glasses prescription, reports, prescriptionsAvoid being sent away for a missing document
The day beforeNo alcohol, no going out, no sleeping pills; sleep well; stay well hydratedDo not skew blood pressure/ECG + be in shape (psy component) + facilitate the blood test
D-Day morningCoffee in moderation; arrive earlyLimit the "white coat" effect and the stress of a delay
DuringBe honest on the questionnaire; report treatments; breathe calmly; glasses + spareThe AME is an ally; an omission costs more; avoid a false positive for stress
Ongoing treatmentTalk to your doctor and report it to the AME; do not stop anything on your ownIt is the AME's job to take it into account
First class 1Find out about all the tests; plan for ≥ 1 dayDon't be surprised; demystify

Informative checklist. It does not replace the instructions of your AME.

Frequently Asked Questions

What must I absolutely bring to my examination?
ID, glasses/contact lenses with their prescription (and a spare pair), recent prescriptions and reports if you are undergoing treatment, and your license/logbook depending on the examination.
Should I avoid coffee before the examination?
Avoid excess: coffee (and alcohol the day before) can raise blood pressure and disrupt the ECG. Normal consumption is still possible, but without excess the morning of.
Do I have to tell the doctor everything, even what might be embarrassing?
Yes. The AME conducts an anamnesis designed to get a comprehensive view of your health, your aeromedical file follows you, and an omission can have serious consequences, including for insurance in case of an incident. The AME is an ally: a reported issue can be managed, a hidden issue will cost you.
Is there a psychological examination?
The examination includes a mental health assessment component, reinforced in recent years. Nothing to "study": it is a discussion. Arriving rested and unstressed helps: hence the value of a calm day before.
My blood pressure goes up in the office because of stress, what should I do?
This is the well-known "white coat" effect. Arrive early, settle down, breathe calmly, relax for the ECG. The AME generally retakes the measurement after a few minutes of rest. The goal is to avoid a false positive for stress, not to hide true hypertension.
Do I have to stop my treatment before the examination?
No, never on your own. Talk to your doctor, and report it to the AME: it is their job to take it into account. Ask the question before D-Day if you have any doubts.
How long does the examination take?
In general, count on around an hour for a class 2 / LAPL (this varies depending on the center and the tests); an initial class 1 is much longer (often a full day) and takes place in an aeromedical center (AeMC).

To go further

The examination tests vision and hearing in particular. To prepare for these aspects: protecting your hearing in flight and the complete guide to the medical examination (validities, classes, age limits). If an issue arises, the unfitness and appeal page details the avenues of appeal by country. And before all that, you have to find out where to make an appointment: where to take your initial class 1 lists the approved centers and doctors in the four countries.

Ce qui est en accès libre, et ce qui est dans le guide

Autant vous le dire franchement plutôt que de vous le faire découvrir en chemin. Ce site restera en accès libre, et pour beaucoup de lecteurs il suffit : il explique ce que le règlement prévoit et ce que la visite examine. Ce qu'il ne fait pas, c'est vous dire quoi faire, semaine par semaine, dans les trois mois qui précèdent votre rendez-vous, ni comment constituer un dossier quand un point accroche. C'est là que commence le guide.

Sur le site, en accès libre

  • Ce que le règlement européen prévoit, article par article, avec ses références, pour que vous puissiez vérifier vous-même
  • Les idées fausses les plus répandues, corrigées au texte
  • Ce que la visite examine, dans les grandes lignes
  • La check-list de préparation en PDF, offerte à l'inscription à la lettre

En résumé : de quoi comprendre. Vous saurez ce qui existe, et pourquoi. Vous ne saurez pas quoi faire de votre côté, ni à quel moment.

Dans le guide : 59 €

  • Un rétroplanning daté, de J-90 au matin de l'examen : quatre étapes, avec ce qu'on décide, ce qu'on demande et ce qu'on verrouille à chacune. Rien de tel n'est publié sur ce site.
  • Les postes de l'examen, un par un, sur près de la moitié du guide. Chacun au même format : ce que l'examinateur regarde, les erreurs évitables, et la question à poser avant. Le site en donne les grandes lignes, le guide donne le déroulé.
  • Six situations qui compliquent, reprises une par une : un antécédent banal, un traitement en cours, une chirurgie de l'oeil, une tension découverte le jour même, l'apnée du sommeil, le diabète. Chapitre relu par deux médecins aéronautiques agréés.
  • Si ça se passe mal : la démarche en cinq étapes, les délais de recours de votre pays, les rappels d'agenda à poser dès la notification, et le courrier type pour réclamer votre dossier médical.
  • L'annexe de votre pays : qui examine, où, quels formulaires, quels coûts constatés, quel parcours en cas de renvoi. Revue quatre fois par an, à vous pendant douze mois.
  • Les outils à imprimer et à emporter : les check-lists détachables, et la fiche de questions à sortir pendant la consultation.

En résumé : de quoi exécuter. 122 à 125 pages, l'édition de votre pays, votre exemplaire à votre nom.

Voir le guide en détail

Ni pronostic d aptitude, ni avis médical, ni astuce pour cacher quoi que ce soit. Un document de préparation, et il le dit lui-même.

La lettre du Labo du Pilote

Un dossier de fond à chaque parution. Vérifié au texte officiel, écrit par un pilote de ligne qui a aussi été soignant.

Cadeau de bienvenue : la check-list de préparation à la visite, en PDF.

Désinscription en un clic.

Une question, une proposition ?

Écrire à contact@labodupilote.fr